Oral cancer, symptoms and remedies

Oral cancer is currently a growing health risk in Bangladesh. The main reasons for this are the use of tobacco products, eating betel nut, irregular and inadequate dental checkups and lack of awareness. However, if detected in time, successful treatment of oral cancer is now completely possible.

What is oral cancer?

Oral cancer is a serious condition caused by uncontrolled cell growth in any part of the oral cavity such as the tongue, lips, cheeks, gums, palate or throat. If this cancer is detected in its early stages, the patient's life can be saved and the functionality of the mouth can be preserved.

Symptoms of oral cancer:

Unusual sores in the mouth or tongue that do not heal for a long time.

Swelling is seen in the mouth or throat.

Difficulty is faced in swallowing.

Voice change happens.

Pain is felt in the ears and throat.

Sudden tooth movement or bleeding takes place inside the mouth.

Types of oral cancer surgery:

The treatment method for oral cancer depends on the patient's condition and the stage of cancer. Surgery is the most common and initial step, where cancerous tissue and necessary lymph nodes are removed. Some important types of surgery:

Tumor Resection Surgery: Removal of tumors from the oral cavity.

Mandibulectomy: Removal of the affected bone in the jaw.

Glossectomy: Removal of part of the tongue (the entire tongue if necessary).

Neck Dissection: Removal of lymph nodes in the neck at risk of cancer spreading.

Reconstructive Surgery: Microsurgery to restore facial aesthetics and function.

What to do after treatment:

Chemotherapy and radiotherapy are given if necessary.

Facial physiotherapy and speech therapy are given.

Balanced diet and avoidance of smoking and alcohol must be followed.

Follow regular dental and oncologist checkups.

Why is it important to be aware?

In Bangladesh, many patients are diagnosed late, which makes surgery difficult and leads to loss of life. But if oral cancer is diagnosed early, the patient can be cured only through surgery.

Advice:

If you have a sore, pain, or discomfort in your mouth that has been going on for a long time, don’t ignore it. Oral cancer is not as bad as it used to be—if you get treatment on time.

Writer:  Dr. Md. Imran Hossain, Oral and Dental Specialist; Chief Consultant at Dental View Orthodontics and Implant Center, Banani, Dhaka - 1213.